Learning science is with a scientific approach in primary school can be meant as student's mastery of knowledge about scientific, thematic, and scientific literacy, which is learned from facts, principles, and the discovery process during online learning. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship among scientific, thematic learning materials, and scientific literacy integrated in online learning carried out in three different primary schools, namely MI Al-Ikhlas, Luqman Al-Hakim Integral Elementary School, and at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri (MIN) 1 Sumenep in Sumenep Regency. Since there is a significant difference, it means that the POGIL learning assisted by realia media has an influence on the students' scientific literacy and critical thinking. It can be concluded that there is a significant difference between the scientific literacy and the students’ critical thinking taught by the POGIL learning that assisted by realia media to the students who use expository learning. The results indicate that (1) There is a significant difference between the students’ scientific literacy who gain the POGIL learning assisted by the realia media and the students’ scientific literacy who get the expository learning and (2) There is a significant difference between the critical thinking of students who get POGIL learning assisted by realia media and the students who get the expository learning. Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was used to analyze the data using significance level of 0.05. The data of scientific literacy and the results test of critical thinking were collected by means of objective test on the energy material. The learning was carried out in four meetings. The IVA class was used as the experimental class (POGIL model assisted by the realia media), in which it consisted of 30 students and the IVB class was used as the control class (expository learning) that consisted of 28 students. The technique of sample collection was carried out purposive sampling for 2 classes. The research sample of this research were fourth grade students of SD Inpres Oeba 2 Kupang City, East Nusa Tenggara Province, of which students were in the academic year of 2019/2020. This quasi-experiment research used single factor independent groups design.
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This research aimed at analyzing the influence of ‘Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning’ model assisted by realia media, in which it was to improve the scientific literacy and critical thinking skill of primary school students, especially for the material of energy. Whereas, researches about critical thinking in science learning of primary school level are on the implementation of Evocation, Realization of meaning, and Reflection step (Florea & Hurjui, 2015), Science Writing Heuristic approach in fifth grade (Hand et al., 2018), the implementation of digital game-based learning in fifth grade (Hussein & Ow, 2019), RADEC model in fourth grade (Satria & Sopandi, 2019), topic of water cycle in fifth grade (Syaodih et al., 2019), problem-based learning (Zuryanty et al., 2019), Lectora Inspire media assisted guided inquiry method in fifth grade (Reffiane et al., 2019), as well as STEM in fifth grade (Elfrida et al., 2019). Nonetheless, a research on scientific literacy in the primary school level is limited on instructional intervention (Lee et al., 2005), the use of robotics (Cejka, 2006), the use of integrated approach (Cervetti et al., 2012), STEM learning, Guided experiments book based on SETS (Prasasti & Listiani, 2019), and the water cycle theme (Sujana et al., 2019). Thus, this research is a pioneer which can be pursued and developed by other researchers who have interest in a research on the primary school level.